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As you grow older, the fluid contained within the chambers of your eyes may gradually and imperceptibly increase. This has been shown to contribute to a host of unwanted age-related vision issues encountered by millions of aging Americans. In a significant scientific advance, researchers have found that a proprietary blend widely available in Europe called Mirtogenol may effectively support eye pressure already within healthy range as you age. At the core of Mirtogenol?s eye health-promoting power are two standardized, proprietary phytonutrient (plant-based) compounds: Mirtoselect European bilberry extract and Pycnogenol French Maritime Pine bark extract. In a 2010 human study, Mirtogenol induced up to a 24% reduction in already-healthy eye pressure and extracts of French Maritime Pine bark and bilberry have long been shown to promote healthy blood flow in multiple areas of the body. Eye Pressure Support with Mirtogenol may support healthy blood flow within the tiny vessels (microvasculature) of your eyes, helping to promote healthy fluid pressure inside the ocular chamber.

The three innovative compounds in Life Extension?s Fast-Acting Joint Formula promote joint comfort and ease of motion in a matter of days ? rather than the weeks or months it can take with supplements like glucosamine and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). These multi-modal ingredients are the reason why. Solubilized keratin: this bioactive form of keratin protein helps regulate inflammatory factors ? while supporting antioxidant activity to help block free radical assault on joints. Decursinol-50 : this fluid regulating compound goes to work to immediately inhibit activation of a DNA transcription factor associated with inflammation. Hyal-Joint : this patented blend of hyaluronic acid, collagen, and other glycosaminoglycans lubricates joints by increasing viscosity of the synovial fluid that cushions joint cartilage ? and also supports the growth of healthy joint tissue. Taking this unique formula once daily provides fast-acting, effective support for aging joints. Use it alone or in combination with ArthroMax joint support formulas.

Vitamin C efficacy can be limited because it is quickly utilized and excreted by the body. A novel formula sets a new standard for rapid absorption, enhancing the time that vitamin C is delivered for cellular protection. In two human trials at a distinguished research center, FAST-C was compared head-to-head with a leading premium brand of ?enhanced absorption? vitamin C. Their findings validate that FAST-C has faster absorption?and without greater excretion . Vitamin C neutralizes free radicals, supports biosynthesis of certain neurotransmitters, and promotes production of vital tissue (collagen) that supports arterial walls, skin, and bones. Vitamin C promotes immunity, boosts lymphocyte glutathione levels, and helps regenerate other antioxidants, including vitamin E. But because it leaves the body quickly, capturing vitamin C?s optimal benefits has required taking supplements several times daily, hoping they?ll be effective without posing a risk for acid-sensitive stomachs. The scientific community has long sought faster-absorbing vitamin C formulas. A leading brand of ?enhanced? vitamin C has been promoted claiming to increase vitamin C bioavailability. A published study in a top nutritional sciences journal found no difference in absorption speed, blood vitamin C increase, or urinary excretion between that product and ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The good news? A next-generation FAST-C supplement has been proven in double-blind, human trials to have faster absorption?combined with equal or greater body retention. This breakthrough?FAST-C?is available exclusively to Life Extension members. It also contains dihydroquercetin to enhance vitamin C?s ?recycling? power. FAST-C with Dihydroquercetin is the only vitamin C product to incorporate: A proprietary blend of alkalizing minerals that yields an almost completely acid-neutralized (which is better than ?buffered?) vitamin C for sensitive stomachs Piperine (Bioperine), a multipatented, black pepper alkaloid that significantly accelerates vitamin C absorption, shortening the time to peak plasma concentration Dihydroquercetin, a grape leaf derived flavonoid that donates electrons back to vitamin C molecules that have spent their electrons neutralizing free radicals?regenerating vitamin C to work again In recognition of this breakthrough, FAST-C received the prestigious Scientific Achievement Award from Nutrition Business Journal . In a soon to be journal-published article, scientists evaluated the FAST-C formulation in humans. They found that in just 60 minutes the FAST-C composition generated a ?significantly higher? vitamin C blood increase than the leading, enhanced-absorption vitamin C product. To further validate these findings, a second clinical trial was conducted to compare two different variations of the formula in FAST-C with the leading, ?enhanced? brand. One of the FAST-C formulations produced higher blood concentrations of vitamin C after 30, 60, and even 90 minutes . Despite faster and

Fiber acts as a bulking agent in the stomach and intestine, which means you feel fuller and may eat less. Soluble fiber attracts water and forms a gel-like substance as it passes through the digestive tract. This slows digestion and lowers the rate of nutrient absorption, helping to maintain glucose and cholesterol levels that are already within the normal range. Insoluble fiber acts as a natural laxative that speeds the passage of foods through the stomach. When the non-digestible fibers reach the colon, anaerobic bacteria degrade them through fermentation. This process produces byproducts known as short-chain fatty acids, which help maintain proper acid/base balance in the colon and may be beneficial to healthy colonic mucosa function.

Life Extension has determined that optimal fibrinogen levels should range between 295-369 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood. Fibrinogen Resist provides targeted nutritional support for those seeking to maintain blood fibrinogen levels in healthy ranges. This formula offers a unique combination of enzymes and antioxidants that support cardiovascular health. Each capsule of Fibrinogen Resist provides NSK-SD nattokinase, the most bioactive form of this enzyme available. Nattokinase helps to maintain healthy fibrinolytic activity and clotting function and promotes healthy circulation and blood flow. Also included is Enzogenol, a pine bark extract that has demonstrated antioxidant and fibrinogen-managing effects. In a study of smokers - who typically have elevated fibrinogen levels - the combination of Enzogenol and vitamin C significantly helped normalize fibrinogen levels.

Folic acid (folate) is a member of the B-complex family. It is found in abundance in leafy green vegetables. Folic acid participates in a coenzyme reaction that synthesizes DNA needed for cell growth and new cell formation, and helps convert vitamin B12 to one of its coenzyme forms. Folic acid provides the following health benefits: Helps promote healthy DNA function Maintains already normal homocysteine levels, which is important for heart health Promotes healthier skin Helps maintain a healthy GI tract Is part of a healthy immune system Maintains healthy endothelial function Improves mild memory loss associated with aging Optimal levels of folate are necessary for healthy cell division and protein synthesis and are especially important for the maintenance of a healthy GI tract. The systemic need for folate increases in certain states in which increased cell multiplication is needed. Chronic use of medications such as aspirin in therapeutic doses and antacids can interfere with the metabolism of folate. Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic and inexpensive form of vitamin B12 that is converted in the body to its bioactive forms, methylcobalamin and cobamamide. Healthful diets with adequate folate may reduce a woman?s risk of having a child with a brain or spinal cord defect. Women of childbearing age should consume 800 mcg of folate daily.

The ancient medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii is the source of the compound forskolin which possesses unique biological activity. The basic mechanism of action of forskolin is the activation of an enzyme, adenylate cyclase, which increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cells.1 Cyclic AMP is perhaps the most important cell-regulating compound. Once formed it activates many other enzymes involved in diverse cellular functions.*References 1-Seamon KB, Padgett W, Daly JW. Forskolin: unique diterpene activator of adenylate cyclase in membranes and in intact cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jun;78(6):3363-7. (Full text online)

Canadian scientists recently reported that a decrease in energy expenditure with aging may cause 120?190 excess calories to be stored in the body every day, which translates to an extra 13?20 pounds of body fat a year! To achieve optimal results as we age, we must restore the ability of our cells to maintain a youthful metabolic rate.Thermogenesis is the process of producing cellular energy in the form of heat, which can be triggered by a factor called mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1. Japanese scientists have recently discovered that a plant extract called fucoxanthin activates uncoupling protein-1 that signals fatty acids to generate energy rather than remain stored as body fat.Derived from a species of Japanese brown seaweed, fucoxanthin provides a unique solution for safely boosting cellular metabolism.Unlike many ?fat burners? that stimulate the central nervous system to promote weight loss, fucoxanthin works directly in fat cells. By targeting energy distribution at the mitochondrial level, this non-stimulatory action provides aging humans with an important new mechanism of action to achieve successful long-term weight management.Scientists have found that the weight loss benefits of fucoxanthin are enhanced by combining it with pomegranate seed oil. The active ingredient in pomegranate oil (punicic acid) reduces blood supply to fat cells and prevents them from increasing in size.This supplement should be taken in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise program. Results may vary.

Pomegranate supports healthy blood flow . In a group of aging humans with risk factors for cardiovascular events, pomegranate or placebo was ingested on a daily basis. After 12 months, the mean intima media thickness improved 35% in the pomegranate group, whereas carotid blood flow worsened by 9% in the placebo group. In a similar study, pomegranate or placebo was ingested daily. After only three months, coronary artery blood flow improved by 17% in the pomegranate group, but worsened by 18% in the placebo group. Few nutritional sources have gained as much scientific validation as pomegranate. Until now the vast majority of research has focused on extracts from the fruit . Only recently have scientists identified the synergistic action of compounds specific to other parts of the pomegranate - most notably its seeds and flowers . Life Extension introduces Full-Spectrum Pomegranate which combines standardized extracts from the whole fruit and flower, along with pomegranate seed oil, to support system-wide health. In addition to the highly absorbable antioxidant powerhouses found in pomegranate fruit - Full-Spectrum Pomegranate augments these polyphenols with newly discovered biologically active compounds from other parts of the pomegranate plant. These little-known nutrients include: punicanolic acid , a member of the triterpene family of essential oils that provides cellular support to help with inflammation; and a polyphenol compound called pomegranatate , to combat age-related metabolic changes. This superior formula supplies the complete nutritional profile of the entire pomegranate plant. Just one softgel of Full-Spectrum Pomegranate provides polyphenols equivalent to 12.3 ounces of pomegranate juice concentrate (or 30 pomegranates) plus a proprietary blend of seed oil and flower extract.

The term "vitamin E" refers to a family of eight related, lipid-soluble, antioxidant compounds widely present in plants. The tocopherol and tocotrienol subfamilies are each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta fractions having unique biological effects. Different ratios of these compounds are found in different parts of a plant. For example, the green parts of a plant contain mostly alpha tocopherol and the seed germ and bran contain mostly tocotrienols. Along with other nutrients, tocopherols and tocotrienols are concentrated in the bran layers of the rye grain, and are only present at low levels in the flour endosperm. Tocopherols are also present in algae, mint teas, and other foods. According to a University of California study, alpha tocopherol (regular vitamin E) displaces critically important gamma tocopherol in the body. While alpha tocopherol inhibits free radical production, gamma tocopherol is required to trap and neutralize existing free radicals. Prestigious scientific journals have highlighted gamma tocopherol as one of the most critically important forms of vitamin E for those seeking optimal health benefits. In fact, studies show the combination of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol supplementation appears to be superior to either supplementation alone on biomarkers of oxidative stress and on inflammatory factors. Most commercial vitamin E supplements contain little, if any, gamma tocopherol. They instead rely on alpha tocopherol as the primary ingredient. However, it is gamma tocopherol (not the alpha form) that quenches peroxynitrite, the free radical that plays a major role in the development of age-related decline. Sesame Lignans: The Natural Vitamin E Booster Life Extension has uncovered research suggesting that adding sesame lignans to gamma tocopherol may significantly enhance its beneficial effects. Sesame and its lignans have been shown to boost antioxidative activity in the tissues by elevating the levels of two antioxidative vitamins, vitamin C and E. In a human study that combined gamma tocopherol with sesame lignans, gamma tocopherol/sesame was 25% more effective than gamma tocopherol/tocotrienols in suppressing tissue measurements for free radical and inflammatory damage. Since tocotrienols are considered nature?s most potent antioxidants, the fact that low-cost gamma tocopherol with sesame is more effective is a remarkable finding. Life Extension has fortified the popular Gamma E Tocopherol supplement with standardized sesame lignans. Consumers obtain superior benefits at a much lower cost. This formula provides potent doses of gamma tocopherol along with sesame lignan extract to augment the antioxidant effects of gamma tocopherol.

The term "vitamin E" refers to a family of eight related, lipid-soluble, antioxidant compounds widely present in plants. The tocopherol and tocotrienol subfamilies are each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta fractions having unique biological effects. Different ratios of these compounds are found in different parts of a plant. For example, the green parts of a plant contain mostly alpha tocopherol and the seed germ and bran contain mostly tocotrienols. Along with other nutrients, tocopherols and tocotrienols are concentrated in the bran layers of the rye grain, and are only present at low levels in the flour endosperm. Tocopherols are also present in algae, mint teas, and other foods. One or more members of the vitamin E family may: Maintain cell membrane integrity and reduce cellular aging Act as a free radical scavenger Maintain healthy platelet aggregation Promote a healthy nervous system and retina of the eye Maintain healthy cognitive function Enhance immune function According to a University of California study, alpha tocopherol (regular vitamin E) displaces critically important gamma tocopherol in the body. While alpha tocopherol inhibits free radical production, gamma tocopherol is required to trap and neutralize existing free radicals. Tocotrienols have shown superior action in maintaining arterial health. This wonder nutrient is so effective because of its structure of double bonds in the isoprenoid side chain, making it a great scavenger of free radicals.

Diminishing pituitary gland function can have far-reaching effects on the secretion of growth hormone. Growth hormone is essential for children?s growth, but adults also need it for healthy metabolism and bone mineral density, maintaining a good ratio of lean tissue to body fat, and for healthy skin. Growth hormone provides anabolic (tissue-building) effects. However, research shows that in aging men, the amplitude of pulsatile growth hormone release (the magnitude of the growth hormone pulse) declines by 50% every seven years after 18?25 years of age. Suboptimal pituitary function can therefore lead to a state of catabolism (tissue breakdown) that often manifests as: Decreasing lean muscle mass Increasing body fat Increasing waist size Rising levels of dangerous blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Aging may affect a number of important stimuli needed for growth hormone release such as getting enough sleep and exercise. Meanwhile, inhibitors of growth hormone secretion can become more prominent - such as a growth hormone blocker called somatostatin as well as rising blood levels of free fatty acids and glucose. Fortunately, there are a number of ways to naturally slow down the rate at which growth hormone secretion declines. Firstly, somatostatin can itself be inhibited with cholinergic agonists such as choline . Secondly, human studies show that amino acids such as arginine and ornithine can help preserve and maximize lean tissue mass as well as supporting efforts to exercise more effectively - a key factor in increasing growth hormone production. Thirdly, these anabolic effects can be complemented with the amino acids glutamine and glycine , which help to stimulate the release of endogenous growth hormone. Growth hormone is secreted in cycles during the day, with the greatest spurts occurring during exercise and shortly after falling asleep. Life Extension offers two formulas to help support maintenance of body composition and pituitary function. GH Pituitary Support Day Formula , which should ideally be taken before exercise, contains choline plus arginine and ornithine in the alpha-ketoglutarate form.

Diminishing pituitary gland function can have far-reaching effects on the secretion of growth hormone. Growth hormone is essential for children?s growth, but adults also need it for healthy metabolism and bone mineral density, maintaining a good ratio of lean tissue to body fat, and for healthy skin. Growth hormone provides anabolic (tissue-building) effects. However, research shows that in aging men, the amplitude of pulsatile growth hormone release (the magnitude of the growth hormone pulse) declines by 50% every seven years after 18?25 years of age. Suboptimal pituitary function can therefore lead to a state of catabolism (tissue breakdown) that often manifests as: Decreasing lean muscle mass Increasing body fat Increasing waist size Rising levels of dangerous blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Aging may affect a number of important stimuli needed for growth hormone release such as getting enough sleep and exercise. Meanwhile, inhibitors of growth hormone secretion can become more prominent - such as a growth hormone blocker called somatostatin as well as rising blood levels of free fatty acids and glucose. Fortunately, there are a number of ways to naturally slow down the rate at which growth hormone secretion declines. Firstly, somatostatin can itself be inhibited with cholinergic agonists such as choline . Secondly, human studies show that amino acids such as arginine and ornithine can help preserve and maximize lean tissue mass as well as supporting efforts to exercise more effectively - a key factor in increasing growth hormone production. Thirdly, these anabolic effects can be compc-tlemented with the amino acids glutamine and glycine , which help to stimulate the release of endogenous growth hormone. Growth hormone is secreted in cycles during the day, with the greatest spurts occurring during exercise and shortly after falling asleep. Life Extension offers two formulas to help support maintenance of body composition and pituitary function. GH Pituitary Support Day Formula , which should ideally be taken before exercise, contains choline plus arginine and ornithine in the alpha-ketoglutarate form. GH Pituitary Support Night Formula , to be taken before bedtime, contains glutamine and glycine to help support optimal pituitary function.

Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest trees known and has been used to support health for nearly 2,800 years. Ginkgo has been found to: Support healthy circulation Help maintain the normal function and tone of blood vessels Support healthy oxygen and glucose metabolism in the brain Stabilize capillaries and make them less fragile Support normal coagulation of blood Support healthy aging in the brain Ginkgo leaf extracts contain several active constituents with neuroprotective and cardioprotective properties. These include flavonoids (e.g., rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, and proanthocyanidins), terpenoids (i.e., ginkgolides), and organic acids. Flavonoids are known to strengthen capillaries, promote healthy blood flow to the brain, and help maintain cognitive health. In a study to determine whether ginkgo extract could prevent age-associated cellular changes, the brain and liver mitochondria of old mice fed ginkgo extract in their drinking water was compared to those of young and old control mice. Mitochondria from the mice given ginkgo exhibited significantly less genetic damage, peroxide generation, and oxidation of the crucial antioxidant glutathione than non-supplemented mice. In addition, mitochondria from old mice given the ginkgo extract resembled those of young mice much more closely, being similar in size and morphology. The study concluded that standardized ginkgo extract prevents age-related decline in mitochondrial structure and function by protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage. Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol from Ginkgo biloba are potent antioxidants and scavengers of many species of free radical, protecting against oxidative cell damage. Ginkgo protects the energy-producing mitochondria in the cells, thus enhancing oxygen utilization and cellular respiration. Ginkgo may also inhibit production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and TNF-alpha while upregulating the production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine called IL-10. The premium-quality botanical extract in Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract has been concentrated and dual-standardized to ensure the highest quality, consistency, and biological activity. The phytonutrient profile of Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract is comparable to the GBE 24/6 extract used in clinical studies worldwide and monographed in German Commission E. Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract contains 24% ginkgo flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones. The health regulatory agency that regulates ginkgo purity in Germany mandates that ginkgo not contain more than 5 ppm of ginkgolic acid. Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract contains less than 1 ppm of ginkgolic acid. Ginkgolic acid is a substance related to anacardic acid (poison ivy) and may cause an allergic reaction in some people. Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract has one of the lowest ginkgolic acid levels commercially available. Ginkgo Biloba Certified Extract has high levels of ginkgolide B (>0.8%), which is the most studied terpene lactone and tho